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Compare Pacific Ocean (2008) - Niue (2001)

Compare Pacific Ocean (2008) z Niue (2001)

 Pacific Ocean (2008)Niue (2001)
 Pacific OceanNiue
Administrative divisions - none; note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 14 villages each with its own village council whose members are elected and serve three-year terms
Age structure - 0-14 years:
NA%

15-64 years:
NA%

65 years and over:
NA%
Agriculture - products - coconuts, passion fruit, honey, limes, taro, yams, cassava (tapioca), sweet potatoes; pigs, poultry, beef cattle
Airports - 1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways - total:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Area total: 155.557 million sq km


note: includes Bali Sea, Bering Sea, Bering Strait, Coral Sea, East China Sea, Gulf of Alaska, Gulf of Tonkin, Philippine Sea, Sea of Japan, Sea of Okhotsk, South China Sea, Tasman Sea, and other tributary water bodies		 total:
260 sq km

land:
260 sq km

water:
0 sq km
Area - comparative about 15 times the size of the US; covers about 28% of the global surface; larger than the total land area of the world 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the world's five oceans (followed by the Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Southern Ocean, and Arctic Ocean). Strategically important access waterways include the La Perouse, Tsugaru, Tsushima, Taiwan, Singapore, and Torres Straits. The decision by the International Hydrographic Organization in the spring of 2000 to delimit a fifth ocean, the Southern Ocean, removed the portion of the Pacific Ocean south of 60 degrees south. Niue's remoteness, as well as cultural and linguistic differences between its Polynesian inhabitants and those of the rest of the Cook Islands, have caused it to be separately administered. The population of the island continues to drop (from a peak of 5,200 in 1966 to 2,100 in 2000) with substantial emigration to New Zealand.
Birth rate - NA births/1,000 population
Budget - revenues:
$NA

expenditures:
$NA, including capital expenditures of $NA
Capital - Alofi
Climate planetary air pressure systems and resultant wind patterns exhibit remarkable uniformity in the south and east; trade winds and westerly winds are well-developed patterns, modified by seasonal fluctuations; tropical cyclones (hurricanes) may form south of Mexico from June to October and affect Mexico and Central America; continental influences cause climatic uniformity to be much less pronounced in the eastern and western regions at the same latitude in the North Pacific Ocean; the western Pacific is monsoonal - a rainy season occurs during the summer months, when moisture-laden winds blow from the ocean over the land, and a dry season during the winter months, when dry winds blow from the Asian landmass back to the ocean; tropical cyclones (typhoons) may strike southeast and east Asia from May to December tropical; modified by southeast trade winds
Coastline 135,663 km 64 km
Constitution - 19 October 1974 (Niue Constitution Act)
Country name - conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Niue

former:
Savage Island
Currency - New Zealand dollar (NZD)
Death rate - NA deaths/1,000 population
Debt - external - $NA
Dependency status - self-governing in free association with New Zealand; Niue fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs
Diplomatic representation from the US - none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand)
Diplomatic representation in the US - none (self-governing territory in free association with New Zealand)
Disputes - international some maritime disputes (see littoral states) none
Economic aid - recipient - $8.3 million (1995)
Economy - overview The Pacific Ocean is a major contributor to the world economy and particularly to those nations its waters directly touch. It provides low-cost sea transportation between East and West, extensive fishing grounds, offshore oil and gas fields, minerals, and sand and gravel for the construction industry. In 1996, over 60% of the world's fish catch came from the Pacific Ocean. Exploitation of offshore oil and gas reserves is playing an ever-increasing role in the energy supplies of the US, Australia, NZ, China, and Peru. The high cost of recovering offshore oil and gas, combined with the wide swings in world prices for oil since 1985, has led to fluctuations in new drillings. Government expenditures regularly exceed revenues, and the shortfall is made up by critically needed grants from New Zealand that are used to pay wages to public employees. Niue has cut government expenditures by reducing the public service by almost half. The agricultural sector consists mainly of subsistence gardening, although some cash crops are grown for export. Industry consists primarily of small factories to process passion fruit, lime oil, honey, and coconut cream. The sale of postage stamps to foreign collectors is an important source of revenue. The island in recent years has suffered a serious loss of population because of migration of Niueans to New Zealand. Efforts to increase GDP include the promotion of tourism and a financial services industry.
Electricity - consumption - 2.8 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production - 3 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Challenger Deep in the Mariana Trench -10,924 m


highest point: sea level 0 m		 lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m

highest point:
unnamed location near Mutalau settlement 68 m
Environment - current issues endangered marine species include the dugong, sea lion, sea otter, seals, turtles, and whales; oil pollution in Philippine Sea and South China Sea increasing attention to conservationist practices to counter loss of soil fertility from traditional slash and burn agriculture
Environment - international agreements - party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification

signed, but not ratified:
Law of the Sea
Ethnic groups - Polynesian (with some 200 Europeans, Samoans, and Tongans)
Exchange rates - New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 2.2502 (January 2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999), 1.8629 (1998), 1.5082 (1997), 1.4543 (1996)
Executive branch - chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and New Zealand are represented by New Zealand High Commissioner John BRYAN (since NA May 2000)

head of government:
Premier Sani LAKATANI (since 1 April 1999)

cabinet:
Cabinet consists of the premier and three ministers

elections:
the monarch is hereditary; premier elected by the Legislative Assembly for a three-year term; election last held 19 March 1999 (next to be held NA March 2002)

election results:
Sani LAKATANI elected premier; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - NA%
Exports - $117,500 (f.o.b., 1989)
Exports - commodities - canned coconut cream, copra, honey, passion fruit products, pawpaws, root crops, limes, footballs, stamps, handicrafts
Exports - partners - NZ 89%, Fiji, Cook Islands, Australia
Fiscal year - 1 April - 31 March
Flag description - yellow with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the flag of the UK bears five yellow five-pointed stars - a large one on a blue disk in the center and a smaller one on each arm of the bold red cross
GDP - purchasing power parity - $4.5 million (1997 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
NA%
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $2,800 (1997 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - NA%
Geographic coordinates 0 00 N, 160 00 W 19 02 S, 169 52 W
Geography - note the major chokepoints are the Bering Strait, Panama Canal, Luzon Strait, and the Singapore Strait; the Equator divides the Pacific Ocean into the North Pacific Ocean and the South Pacific Ocean; dotted with low coral islands and rugged volcanic islands in the southwestern Pacific Ocean one of world's largest coral islands
Highways - total:
234 km

paved:
86 km

unpaved:
148 km (106 km of which is access and plantation road) (2001)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
Imports - $4.1 million (c.i.f., 1989)
Imports - commodities - food, live animals, manufactured goods, machinery, fuels, lubricants, chemicals, drugs
Imports - partners - NZ 59%, Fiji 20%, Japan 13%, Samoa, Australia, US
Independence - on 19 October 1974, Niue became a self-governing parliamentary government in free association with New Zealand
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries - tourism, handicrafts, food processing
Infant mortality rate - NA deaths/1,000 live births
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 1% (1995)
International organization participation - ACP, ESCAP (associate), FAO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UNESCO, WHO, WMO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 1 (2000)
Irrigated land - NA sq km
Judicial branch - Supreme Court of New Zealand; High Court of Niue
Labor force - 450 (1992 est.)
Labor force - by occupation - most work on family plantations; paid work exists only in government service, small industry, and the Niue Development Board
Land boundaries - 0 km
Land use - arable land:
19%

permanent crops:
8%

permanent pastures:
4%

forests and woodland:
19%

other:
50% (1993 est.)
Languages - Polynesian closely related to Tongan and Samoan, English
Legal system - English common law
Legislative branch - unicameral Legislative Assembly (20 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms; six elected from a common roll and 14 are village representatives)

elections:
last held 19 March 1999 (next to be held NA March 2002)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NPP 9, independents 11
Life expectancy at birth - total population:
NA years

male:
NA years

female:
NA years
Literacy - definition:
NA

total population:
95%

male:
NA%

female:
NA%
Location body of water between the Southern Ocean, Asia, Australia, and the Western Hemisphere Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Tonga
Map references Political Map of the World Oceania
Maritime claims - exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine - none (2000 est.)
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of New Zealand
Military branches - Police Force
National holiday - Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840)
Nationality - noun:
Niuean(s)

adjective:
Niuean
Natural hazards surrounded by a zone of violent volcanic and earthquake activity sometimes referred to as the "Pacific Ring of Fire"; subject to tropical cyclones (typhoons) in southeast and east Asia from May to December (most frequent from July to October); tropical cyclones (hurricanes) may form south of Mexico and strike Central America and Mexico from June to October (most common in August and September); cyclical El Nino/La Nina phenomenon occurs in the equatorial Pacific, influencing weather in the Western Hemisphere and the western Pacific; ships subject to superstructure icing in extreme north from October to May; persistent fog in the northern Pacific can be a maritime hazard from June to December typhoons
Natural resources oil and gas fields, polymetallic nodules, sand and gravel aggregates, placer deposits, fish fish, arable land
Net migration rate - NA migrant(s)/1,000 population
Political parties and leaders - Niue People's Action Party or NPP [Sani LAKATANI]
Political pressure groups and leaders - NA
Population - 2,124 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate - 0.5% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors - none; offshore anchorage only
Radio broadcast stations - AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios - 1,000 (1997)
Railways - 0 km
Religions - Ekalesia Niue (Niuean Church - a Protestant church closely related to the London Missionary Society) 75%, Latter-Day Saints 10%, other 15% (mostly Roman Catholic, Jehovah's Witnesses, Seventh-Day Adventist)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment:
primitive system

domestic:
single-line telephone system connects all villages on island

international:
NA
Telephones - main lines in use - 376 (1991)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 0 (1991)
Television broadcast stations - 1 (1997)
Terrain surface currents in the northern Pacific are dominated by a clockwise, warm-water gyre (broad circular system of currents) and in the southern Pacific by a counterclockwise, cool-water gyre; in the northern Pacific, sea ice forms in the Bering Sea and Sea of Okhotsk in winter; in the southern Pacific, sea ice from Antarctica reaches its northernmost extent in October; the ocean floor in the eastern Pacific is dominated by the East Pacific Rise, while the western Pacific is dissected by deep trenches, including the Mariana Trench, which is the world's deepest steep limestone cliffs along coast, central plateau
Total fertility rate - NA children born/woman
Transportation - note Inside Passage offers protected waters from southeast Alaska to Puget Sound (Washington state) -
Unemployment rate - NA%
Waterways - none
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